1,2,4-Triazole: A Moiety with Diverse Biological Activities

Author Name : Kharche Ajay, Labde Sakshi, Lad Janhavi, Lad Prerana, Lone Vicky, Mahajan Kanchan, Kale Mohan

ABSTRACT

This review contains literature and knowledge on the synthesis, structures and biological activities of various triazole derivatives. Azoles are well known for their antifungal activity with two categories one being imidazole containing two nitrogen’s in five member ring and other is triazole containing three nitrogen’s in five member rings. This article mainly aims to focus on the biological activity of 1,2,4 isomer of triazole. 1,2,4-triazole being an important backbone of many Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients is reviewed in this article for its interesting biological activities such as antimicrobial, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-tubercular, anti-leishmanial, anti-convulsant, etc. This review also contains information about various biological activity shows by variety of species and strains. 1,2,4-triazole collectively shows better diverse activities which can more effective and less toxic to use.  the article highlights the different synthetic routes for the preparation of triazole derivatives, including click chemistry, microwave-assisted synthesis, and multicomponent reactions. It also discusses their potential applications in various therapeutic areas, such as antitumor, antimicrobial, antifungal, and antiviral agents.

In conclusion, this review article provides a comprehensive analysis of 124 triazole derivatives and their SAR, physicochemical properties, and biological activities. These derivatives have the potential to serve as lead compounds for the development of novel drugs with diverse therapeutic applications.